Nepal’s climate is different from other climates in the world because of its mountain’s terrains. The months of the season varies with the altitude and slope of the mountains. Due to this, the climate in Nepal is seen to be separated into four distant places; The Kathmandu valley, Pokhara valley, Chitwan( terai), and Namche Bazaar ( East and high mountain ).
Nepal has two main seasons. The wet and dry season. The wet days of summer is known as the monsoon season which brings the highest rainfall in Nepal. Spring and Autumn are seen as transition season as they are in-between seasons. Where the weather of the season depends on the relief of the land you’re living on. The northern slopes have a high altitude but are less warm.
Spring ( March - May ) Average temperature 16-23 degrees
Temperatures during spring in Nepal are warm in the lowlands at a higher altitude in the mountains terrains that provides a great mountain view of the Himalayas. Spring also brings a time of blossoming for the fauna of Nepal
Summer ( June - August ) Average temperature 23-25 degrees
Summer in Nepal’s hottest season consistently dry and humid. Summer also the heaviest raining season in Nepal because of the monsoon season. This is mainly due to the Himalayas and high mountain terrains blocking the cold winter wind from the north. During the Monsoon season in summer, the weather is hot and wet at times with rain every day, sometimes with thunder.
Autumn ( September - November ) Average temperature 15-24 degrees
Autumn is known as the peak season for trekking Mount Everest. This is because Autumn is the end of the Monsoon season and the start of winter, just sitting it right the middle as a transition season.
Winter ( December - February) Average temperature 9- 12 degree.
The winter weather in Nepal is cold throughout the lands from the high mountains of the low islands. There are a lot of snowfall in the highlands near the Himalayas as snow sits on top of the mountains.
Relief of the land
Climates in Nepal are affected by its mountains terrains. The mountains receive the most rainfall as the clouds are forced over higher grounds resulting in it cooling and causing the clouds to rain. The higher the land is above sea level the cooler it is because the higher you go, the altitude increase and the air is thinner being less able to absorb and retain heat. This is the reason why snow is on top of mountains.
Distance from the equator
The distance from the equator is another factor that affects the climate of Nepal. The further away from the equator, the cooler the climate is because at the poles the energy that reaches the earth surface from the sun has to pass through a thicker layer of the atmosphere. The Poles experience a massive difference between summer and winter day lengths while closer to the equator like Nepal day lengths are barely different.
Distance from the sea
The sea affects the climate of a country, as a result, the coastal places have cooler weather than the inland. In summer, Nepal temperature is at its highest and if it wasn't for the monsoon season the land would without rain for the whole season. Nepal being surrounded by India and China, the moisture from the sea always evaporate before reaching the land.
Human influence
Due to population increase and deforestation in Nepal, the human influence on the climate has increased significantly. As a result, of deforestation and overpopulation, there is an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere. Similar effects had happened before with the introduction of engines and fossil fuels in the industrial revolution. As a result of this a higher carbon dioxide as lead to an increase in floods and droughts.